To this day, its legacy, as a key factor in the triumph of the Genoese Republic, is still recognized and its coat of arms is depicted in the flag of the Italian Navy. The Genoese navy played a fundamental role in the wealth and power of the Republic over the centuries and its importance was recognized throughout Europe. However, in actuality, the Republic was an oligarchy ruled by a small group of merchant families, from whom the doges were selected. From the 11th century to 1528 it was officially known as the " Compagna Communis Ianuensis" and from 1580 as the " Serenìscima Repùbrica de Zêna" ( Most Serene Republic of Genoa).įrom 1339 until the state's extinction in 1797 the ruler of the republic was the Doge, originally elected for life, after 1528 was elected for terms of two years. Genoa was known as " la Superba" ("the Superb one"), " la Dominante" ("The Dominant one"), " la Dominante dei mari" ("the Dominant of the Seas"), and " la Repubblica dei magnifici" ("the Republic of the Magnificents"). This decision would prove successful for Genoa, which remained as one of the hubs of capitalism, with highly developed banks and trading companies. With the arrival of the early modern period, the Republic had lost many of its colonies, and had to shift its interests and focus on banking. Throughout its history, the Genoese Republic established numerous colonies throughout the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, including Corsica from 1347 to 1768, Monaco, Southern Crimea from 1266 to 1475 and the islands of Lesbos and Chios from the 14th century to 14 respectively. Between the 16th and 17th centuries it was one of the major financial centers in Europe.
During the Late Middle Ages, it was a major commercial power in both the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea.
The Republic of Genoa ( Ligurian: Repúbrica de Zêna Italian: Repubblica di Genova Latin: Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the 11th century to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast.
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